At a time when the search for sustainable energy sources is gaining momentum, solar power generation is becoming a popular option and more and more people are asking themselves: how much energy does a solar panel generate?
This is a common and important question, since understanding the generation capacity of solar panels is essential for calculate the viability and return on investment of a solar energy system.
In this article, we will understand how to estimate energy generation through the power of a photovoltaic module, popularly known as a solar plate or solar panel.
What determines a solar panel's energy generation
The amount of energy a solar panel generates depends on a few important factors. Let's talk about the main ones:
Peak power
The peak power of a photovoltaic module indicates the maximum power generation capacity, but is measured under ideal conditions, such as direct sunlight and controlled temperature. This value is useful for comparing different modules, as it reflects the efficiency of the panel in transforming sunlight into electricity.
For example, a module with a peak power of 615W can generate up to 615 watts per hour in an ideal scenario. In practice, actual performance depends on the efficiency of the module, which varies according to the type of technology used, such as monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon plates.
Installation conditions
Installation conditions, such as orientation, inclination of the panels and geographical location determine the performance of the photovoltaic system. Even if a module has a high peak power, its performance can be reduced by factors such as shading, weather or the wrong angle to the sun.
Therefore, optimizing installation conditions is crucial so that the photovoltaic system performs closer to its rated capacity.
Factors affecting module generation performance
The amount of energy a solar panel can generate not only depends on the characteristics of the board itself, but also from some external factors. Let's understand how the location, the position of the plates and even the presence of shadows can influence energy production.
Geographical location
A geographical location is one of the most important factors for generating solar energy. Elements such as the latitude, altitude and climate of the region have a major impact on the efficiency of the system. For example:
- LatitudeThe closer you are to the equator, the more sunlight you get during the year, resulting in greater energy production.
- Altitudehigher regions tend to have a thinner atmosphere, which can increase the intensity of sunlight.
- Weatherareas with many cloudy or rainy days will have lower energy generation compared to sunny regions.
Comparing energy production in different regions makes it easy to see these variations clearly.
Slope and orientation of signs
The inclination and orientation of the solar panels are also crucial to maximizing the capture of sunlight. The angle of the plates should be adjusted according to the latitude of their locationto ensure that the panels are directly facing the sun during peak hours.
- TiltIn general, the ideal angle is equivalent to the latitude of the location, but adjustments can be made depending on the season.
- GuidanceIn Brazil and throughout the southern hemisphere, the signs should be oriented to the north, while in the northern hemisphere, the ideal orientation is to the south.
It is worth noting that adjusting the slope throughout the year can improve sunlight captureespecially in regions with significant seasonal changes.
Shade and obstructions
The presence of shadows or obstructions can drastically reduce the efficiency of solar panels. Trees, nearby buildings and even dirt accumulated on the plates can block sunlight and reduce energy generation.
- ShadowsAvoid installing boards in areas prone to shadows. Even a small shaded area can affect the performance of the entire system.
- DirtKeeping the plates clean is essential to ensure that they are operating at maximum efficiency. Regular cleaning can prevent a reduction in energy generation.
By keeping the cleaning and maintenance up to date, you are already protected from all these problems and will certainly be maximizing the potential of your solar energy installation.
Solar panel: average energy production
It is possible to get an average estimate of how much energy each type of solar panel can generate, taking into account their specific characteristics. Let's take a look at the average energy production of BYD photovoltaic modules.
Generation estimate calculation
To estimate the amount of energy a photovoltaic system can generate, it is necessary to take into account some important factors in addition to the peak power of the module. The calculation is made by multiplying the power of the system in kWp (kilowatt-peak) by the solar irradiance of the location, which varies according to the region. This irradiance is measured in kWh/m²/day and represents the amount of sunlight available per square meter on a typical day.
Calculation to find out how many kWh a solar panel generates
To make it easier to understand and apply all this content, there is good news: there is a formula. So, although it's interesting to know everything that's been said, you can use a mathematical equation to calculate your consumption. To do this, you'll need to have the module's power, its time of use and its efficiency. You can then construct the formula:
Energy generated = Power x Sun hours (time) x System efficiency
A 550W card, for example, if used for 8 hours a day with an output of 80% would represent the following bill:
Energy = 550 x 8 x 0.8
Energy = 3,520 Wh OR 3.52 kWh
To calculate the entire production for the month, simply multiply the result by 30. This means that the total energy is 105.6 kWh per month. This, then, is the result of how many kWh a solar panel generates, and you need to analyze how many pieces you will need to supply your monthly consumption.
Consultation of estimated generation at INMETRO
In addition to manual calculations, INMETRO offers a platform for consulting the estimated generation of certified photovoltaic products. This platform makes it possible to check the efficiency and performance of different solar module models, providing an estimate of how much energy each product can generate under ideal conditions.
In the records, the data follows the format below, where the second piece of information corresponds to the monthly generation of the model consulted:
XXXW ; YY,YY kWh/month ; ZZ,ZZ% ; A; ****mm; ****mm <dimensões>
For example, for the BYD HRP72D module, the entry for the 550W power model appears as follows:
550W; 68.75 kWh/month; 21,30%; A; 2278mm; 1134mm; Bifacial
Get to know BYD and its advantages
In this article, we learned how much energy a solar panel generates, and saw how solar panels generate energy is influenced by rated power, efficiency, location, and other factors. We also discussed the average production of different types of boards.
It is important to remember that in order to ensure that your system operates at maximum efficiency, the preventive maintenance is essential. Always bear in mind that these factors are adjustable and should be considered according to your energy needs.
Get to know BYD and see how we're changing the world through photovoltaic energy solutions. Keep going our blogfor more information.
